Robotaxi: A robotaxi is an autonomous, self-driving vehicle designed to provide on-demand ride-hailing services without a human driver. Utilizing advanced technologies—including artificial intelligence, machine learning, LiDAR, radar, cameras, and GPS—robotaxis navigate city streets and transport passengers by automatically detecting and responding to their environments. These vehicles typically operate at SAE Level 4 or Level 5 autonomy, which means they can function independently with little to no human intervention within predefined areas or all conditions, respectively.

Robotaxis are often electric, supporting sustainability by reducing emissions and energy consumption while offering lower operating costs compared to traditional taxis. Passengers request rides via mobile apps, and the onboard AI ensures safe, efficient travel by processing data from multiple sensors to identify obstacles, traffic signals, pedestrians, and road hazards in real time.

Robotaxi services are currently being tested by major companies worldwide, such as Waymo, Baidu, Zoox, and Tesla, with ongoing pilot programs in multiple cities. Widespread deployment is expected to disrupt urban mobility, lessen reliance on personal vehicles, improve traffic flow, reduce transportation costs, and advance the transition toward transportation-as-a-service (TaaS).